Ring Topology:-

            It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to the other computer, with the last one connected to the first.

Note:- In Ring topology, computers are arranged in a circle. Data travels around the ring in one direction, with each device n the ring acting as a repeater. Ring networks typically use a token-passing protocol.

Features of Ring Topology:-

• Ring network does not have terminated ends
• The computers or devices are connected in the ring using twisted pair cables, coaxial cables or optic fibers.
• The protocols used to implement ring topology are Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface.
• Bit-by-bit data is transferred in a sequential manner.

Advantages of Ring Topology:-

• It is a more reliable network, because the communication system is not dependent on the single host computer.
• Easy to install and the maintenance is much easier compared to the bus network.
• Adding components such as nodes will not affect the performance of network.
• Because every computer is given equal access to the token, no one computer can monopolize the network.
• Troubleshoot is easy because cable faults can be easily located.

Disadvantages of Ring Topology:-

• Failure of one computer on the ring affects the whole network.
• Adding or removing devices to the networks would slow down the network activity.
• It is difficult to troubleshoot because it required special equipment to default the cable faults.
• If any one of the node fails, it disturbs all other networks.